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Tag Archives: text file

Java || Snippet – How To Read & Write Data From A File

November 20, 2012 admin No comments

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS SNIPPET

Try/Catch - What Is It? The "Math" Class - sqrt and pow The "Scanner" Class - Used for the input file The "FileWriter" Class - Used for the output file The "File" Class - Used to locate the input/output files Working With Files

NOTE: The data file that is used in this example can be downloaded here.

In order to read in the data .txt file, you need to save the .txt file in the same directory (or folder) as your .java file is saved in. If you are using Eclipse, the default directory will probably be:

Documents > Workspace > [Your project name]

Alternatively, you can execute this command, which will give you the current directory in which your source file resides:

System.out.println(System.getProperty("user.dir"));

Whatever the case, in order to read in the data .txt file, your program must know where it is located on the system.





		
		
			Input/Output Manipulation
			
Java
			
			import java.io.File; // used to locate the input/output files
import java.io.FileWriter; // used for file output
import java.util.Scanner; // used for file input

public class ReadWriteFile
{		
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		// declare & initialize variables
		Scanner infile;
		FileWriter outfile;
		double a=0,b=0,c=0;
		double root1=0, root2=0;
		
		System.out.println("Welcome to My Programming Notes' Java Program.n");
		
		// use a try/catch to check to see if the input file exists, & if not then EXIT
		try
		{
			// this opens the input file
			// YOUR INPUT FILE NAME GOES BELOW 
			infile = new Scanner(new File("INPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt"));
			
			// this opens the output file
			// if the file doesnt already exist, it will be created 			
			outfile = new FileWriter(new File("OUTPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt"));
			
			// if the file was found, this try/catch will execute, and the loop will 
			// attempt to get the 3 numbers from the input file and place
			// them inside the variables 'a,b,c'
			try
			{
				while(infile.hasNext())
				{
					// this assigns the incoming data to the
					// variables 'a', 'b' and 'c'
					// NOTE: it is just like a normal scanner statement 				
					a = infile.nextInt();
					b = infile.nextInt();
					c = infile.nextInt();
					
					// NOTE: if you want to read in data into an array
					// your declaration would be like this
					// ------------------------------------
					// a[counter] = infile.nextInt(); 
					// b[counter] = infile.nextInt(); 
					// c[counter] = infile.nextInt();
					// ++counter; 				
				}
			}
			catch(Exception e) 
			{
				// if there was an error on input, (i.e the input file contains letters) 
				// this block will execite, and the program will exit
				System.err.println("There is a formatting error in the input file!n" +
						"The input file should contain only 3 numbersn");
				System.exit(1);
			}
			
			// this does the quadratic formula calculations
			root1 = ((-b) + Math.sqrt(Math.pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);
			root2 = ((-b) - Math.sqrt(Math.pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a); 
			
			// this displays the numbers to screen via stdout
			System.out.println("For the numbers:na = "+a+"nb = "+b+"nc = "+c);
			System.out.println("nroot 1 = "+root1+"nroot 2 = "+root2); 	
			
			// this saves the data to the output file
			// NOTE: its almost exactly the same as the above print statement, except
			// the 'write' function is dependent on the "newline" (NL) method 
			// to generate a line break
			String NL = System.getProperty("line.separator"); 
			outfile.write("For the numbers:"+NL+"a = "+a+NL+"b = "+b+NL+"c = "+c);
			outfile.write(NL+NL+"root 1 = "+root1+NL+"root 2 = "+root2); 
			
			// close the input/output files once you are done using them
			infile.close();
			outfile.close();
		}
		catch(Exception e) 
		{
			// if the file cannot be found, this block will execute, and the
			// program will exit
			System.err.println("Error, the input file could not be found!n"
					+e.getMessage());
			System.exit(1);
		}
		System.out.println("nProgram Success!!n");		
	}// end of main	
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						import java.io.File; // used to locate the input/output files
import java.io.FileWriter; // used for file output
import java.util.Scanner; // used for file input
 
public class ReadWriteFile
{		
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		// declare & initialize variables
		Scanner infile;
		FileWriter outfile;
		double a=0,b=0,c=0;
		double root1=0, root2=0;
		
		System.out.println("Welcome to My Programming Notes' Java Program.n");
		
		// use a try/catch to check to see if the input file exists, & if not then EXIT
		try
		{
			// this opens the input file
			// YOUR INPUT FILE NAME GOES BELOW 
			infile = new Scanner(new File("INPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt"));
			
			// this opens the output file
			// if the file doesnt already exist, it will be created 			
			outfile = new FileWriter(new File("OUTPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt"));
			
			// if the file was found, this try/catch will execute, and the loop will 
			// attempt to get the 3 numbers from the input file and place
			// them inside the variables 'a,b,c'
			try
			{
				while(infile.hasNext())
				{
					// this assigns the incoming data to the
					// variables 'a', 'b' and 'c'
					// NOTE: it is just like a normal scanner statement 				
					a = infile.nextInt();
					b = infile.nextInt();
					c = infile.nextInt();
					
					// NOTE: if you want to read in data into an array
					// your declaration would be like this
					// ------------------------------------
					// a[counter] = infile.nextInt(); 
					// b[counter] = infile.nextInt(); 
					// c[counter] = infile.nextInt();
					// ++counter; 				
				}
			}
			catch(Exception e) 
			{
				// if there was an error on input, (i.e the input file contains letters) 
				// this block will execite, and the program will exit
				System.err.println("There is a formatting error in the input file!n" +
						"The input file should contain only 3 numbersn");
				System.exit(1);
			}
			
			// this does the quadratic formula calculations
			root1 = ((-b) + Math.sqrt(Math.pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);
			root2 = ((-b) - Math.sqrt(Math.pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a); 
			
			// this displays the numbers to screen via stdout
			System.out.println("For the numbers:na = "+a+"nb = "+b+"nc = "+c);
			System.out.println("nroot 1 = "+root1+"nroot 2 = "+root2); 	
			
			// this saves the data to the output file
			// NOTE: its almost exactly the same as the above print statement, except
			// the 'write' function is dependent on the "newline" (NL) method 
			// to generate a line break
			String NL = System.getProperty("line.separator"); 
			outfile.write("For the numbers:"+NL+"a = "+a+NL+"b = "+b+NL+"c = "+c);
			outfile.write(NL+NL+"root 1 = "+root1+NL+"root 2 = "+root2); 
			
			// close the input/output files once you are done using them
			infile.close();
			outfile.close();
		}
		catch(Exception e) 
		{
			// if the file cannot be found, this block will execute, and the
			// program will exit
			System.err.println("Error, the input file could not be found!n"
					+e.getMessage());
			System.exit(1);
		}
		System.out.println("nProgram Success!!n");		
	}// end of main	
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output
(Remember to include the example input file)

Welcome to My Programming Notes' Java Program.
For the numbers: a = 2.0 b = 4.0 c = -16.0 root 1 = 2.0 root 2 = -4.0
Program Success!!

C++ || Snippet – How To Read & Write Data From A User Specified Text File

April 29, 2012 admin No comments

This page will consist of a demonstration of a simple quadratic formula program, which highlights the use of the input/output mechanisms of manipulating a text file. This program is very similar to an earlier snippet which was presented on this site, but in this example, the user has the option of choosing which file they want to manipulate. This program also demonstrates how to read in data from a file (numbers), manipulate that data, and output new data into a different text file.

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS SNIPPET

Fstream Ifstream Ofstream Working With Files C_str() - Convert A String To Char Array Equivalent Getline - String Version

Note: The data file that is used in this example can be downloaded here.

Also, in order to read in the data .txt file, you need to save the .txt file in the same directory (or folder) as your .cpp file is saved in. If you are using Visual C++, this directory will be located in

Documents > Visual Studio 2010 > Projects > [Your project name] > [Your project name]





		
		
			User Specified Input/Output Manipulation
			
C++
			
			#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    // declare variables
    // char fileName[80];
    string fileName;    
    ifstream infile;
    ofstream outfile;
    double a=0,b=0,c=0;
    double root1=0, root2=0;    
    
    // get the name of the file from the user
    cout << "Please enter the name of the file: ";    
    getline(cin, fileName);
    
    // ^ you could also use a character array instead
    // of a string. Your getline declaration would look
    // like this:
    // ---------------------------------------------
    // cin.getline(fileName,80);


    // this opens the input file
    // NOTE: you need to convert the string to a 
    // char array using the function "c_str()"
    infile.open(fileName.c_str());
    
    // ^  if you used a char array as the file name instead 
    // of a string, the declaration to open the file 
    // would look like this:
    // ---------------------------------------------
    // infile.open(fileName);
    
    // check to see if the file even exists, & if not then EXIT
    if(infile.fail())
    {
        cout<<"nError, the input file could not be found!n";
        exit(1);
    }
    
    // this opens the output file
    // if the file doesnt already exist, it will be created
    outfile.open("OUTPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");  
    
    // this loop reads in data until there is no more 
    // data contained in the file
    while(infile.peek() != EOF)
    {
        // this assigns the incoming data to the
        // variables 'a', 'b' and 'c'
        // NOTE: it is just like a cin >> statement
        infile>> a >> b>> c;

        // NOTE: if you want to read data into an array
        // your declaration would be like this
        // ------------------------------------ 
        // infile>> a[counter] >> b[counter] >> c[counter];
        // ++counter;
    }    
    
    // this does the quadratic formula calculations
    root1 = ((-b) + sqrt(pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);
    root2 = ((-b) - sqrt(pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);

    // this displays the numbers to screen via cout
    cout <<"For the numbersna = "<<a<<"nb = "<<b<<"nc = "<<c<<endl;
    cout <<"nroot 1 = "<<root1<<"nroot 2 = "<<root2<<endl;
     
    // this saves the data to the output file
    // NOTE: its almost exactly the same as the cout statement
    outfile <<"For the numbersna = "<<a<<"nb = "<<b<<"nc = "<<c<<endl;
    outfile <<"nroot 1 = "<<root1<<"nroot 2 = "<<root2<<endl;

    // close the input/output files once you are done using them
    infile.close();
    outfile.close();

    // stops the program from automatically closing
    cout<<"nPress ENTER to continue...";
    cin.get();

    return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
 
int main() 
{
    // declare variables
    // char fileName[80];
    string fileName;    
    ifstream infile;
    ofstream outfile;
    double a=0,b=0,c=0;
    double root1=0, root2=0;    
    
    // get the name of the file from the user
    cout << "Please enter the name of the file: ";    
    getline(cin, fileName);
    
    // ^ you could also use a character array instead
    // of a string. Your getline declaration would look
    // like this:
    // ---------------------------------------------
    // cin.getline(fileName,80);
 
 
    // this opens the input file
    // NOTE: you need to convert the string to a 
    // char array using the function "c_str()"
    infile.open(fileName.c_str());
    
    // ^  if you used a char array as the file name instead 
    // of a string, the declaration to open the file 
    // would look like this:
    // ---------------------------------------------
    // infile.open(fileName);
    
    // check to see if the file even exists, & if not then EXIT
    if(infile.fail())
    {
        cout<<"nError, the input file could not be found!n";
        exit(1);
    }
    
    // this opens the output file
    // if the file doesnt already exist, it will be created
    outfile.open("OUTPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");  
    
    // this loop reads in data until there is no more 
    // data contained in the file
    while(infile.peek() != EOF)
    {
        // this assigns the incoming data to the
        // variables 'a', 'b' and 'c'
        // NOTE: it is just like a cin >> statement
        infile>> a >> b>> c;
 
        // NOTE: if you want to read data into an array
        // your declaration would be like this
        // ------------------------------------ 
        // infile>> a[counter] >> b[counter] >> c[counter];
        // ++counter;
    }    
    
    // this does the quadratic formula calculations
    root1 = ((-b) + sqrt(pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);
    root2 = ((-b) - sqrt(pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);
 
    // this displays the numbers to screen via cout
    cout <<"For the numbersna = "<<a<<"nb = "<<b<<"nc = "<<c<<endl;
    cout <<"nroot 1 = "<<root1<<"nroot 2 = "<<root2<<endl;
     
    // this saves the data to the output file
    // NOTE: its almost exactly the same as the cout statement
    outfile <<"For the numbersna = "<<a<<"nb = "<<b<<"nc = "<<c<<endl;
    outfile <<"nroot 1 = "<<root1<<"nroot 2 = "<<root2<<endl;
 
    // close the input/output files once you are done using them
    infile.close();
    outfile.close();
 
    // stops the program from automatically closing
    cout<<"nPress ENTER to continue...";
    cin.get();
 
    return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output

Please enter the name of the file: INPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt
For the numbers a = 2 b = 4 c = -16 root 1 = 2 root 2 = -4
Press ENTER to continue...

C++ || Class & Input/Output – Display The Contents Of A User Specified Text File To The Screen

April 24, 2012 admin No comments

The following is another intermediate homework assignment which was presented in a C++ programming course. This program was assigned to introduce more practice using the class data structure, which is very similar to the struct data structure.

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS PROGRAM

Header Files - How To Use Them Class - What Is It? How To Read Data From A File String - Getline Array - Cin.Getline Strcpy - Copy Contents Of An Array #Define

This program first prompts the user to input a file name. After it obtains a file name from the user, it then attempts to display the contents of the user specified file to the output screen. If the file could not be found, an error message appears. If the file is found, the program continues as normal. After the file contents finishes being displayed, a summary indicating the total number of lines which has been read is also shown to the screen.

This program was implemented into 3 different files (two .cpp files, and one header file .h). So the code for this program will be broken up into 3 sections, the main file (.cpp), the header file (.h), and the implementation of the functions within the header file (.cpp).

Note: The data file that is used in this example can be downloaded here.

Documents > Visual Studio 2010 > Projects > [Your project name] > [Your project name]

======== FILE #1 – Main.cpp ========





		
		
			File #1 - Main.cpp
			
C++
			
			// ============================================================================
// File: Main.cpp 
// ============================================================================
// This program tests the "CFileDisp" object.  It prompts the user for an input
// filename, then attempts to display the contents of that file to stdout.
// After the file contents have been displayed, a summary line indicating the
// total number of lines that have been displayed is written to stdout.
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include "CFileDisp.h"
using namespace std;

// ==== main ==================================================================
//
// ============================================================================

int main()
{
	CFileDisp       myFile;
	char            fname[MAX_LENGTH];
	int             numLines;
	
	// get the filename from the user
	cout << "Enter a filename: ";
	cin.getline(fname, MAX_LENGTH);
	
	// copy the user's filename into the file object
	myFile.SetFilename(fname);
	
	// have the object open the file
	myFile.OpenFile();
	
	// if all is good and well...
	if(myFile.IsValid()==true)
	{
		numLines = myFile.DisplayFileContents();
		
		// close the file
		myFile.CloseFile();
		
		// write how many lines were displayed to stdout
		cout << "nt*** Total lines displayed: " << numLines << endl;
	}
	
	return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						// ============================================================================
// File: Main.cpp 
// ============================================================================
// This program tests the "CFileDisp" object.  It prompts the user for an input
// filename, then attempts to display the contents of that file to stdout.
// After the file contents have been displayed, a summary line indicating the
// total number of lines that have been displayed is written to stdout.
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include "CFileDisp.h"
using namespace std;
 
// ==== main ==================================================================
//
// ============================================================================
 
int main()
{
	CFileDisp       myFile;
	char            fname[MAX_LENGTH];
	int             numLines;
	
	// get the filename from the user
	cout << "Enter a filename: ";
	cin.getline(fname, MAX_LENGTH);
	
	// copy the user's filename into the file object
	myFile.SetFilename(fname);
	
	// have the object open the file
	myFile.OpenFile();
	
	// if all is good and well...
	if(myFile.IsValid()==true)
	{
		numLines = myFile.DisplayFileContents();
		
		// close the file
		myFile.CloseFile();
		
		// write how many lines were displayed to stdout
		cout << "nt*** Total lines displayed: " << numLines << endl;
	}
	
	return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

======== FILE #2 – CFileDisp.h ========

Remember, you need to name the header file the same as the #include from the Main.cpp file. This file contains the function declarations, but no implementation of those functions takes place here.





		
		
			File #2 - CFileDisp.h
			
C++
			
			// ============================================================================
// File: CFileDisp.h
// ============================================================================
// This is the header file which declares the objects which are used to open 
// a text file and display its contents to stdout.
// ============================================================================
#ifndef CFILE_DISP_HEADER
#define CFILE_DISP_HEADER

#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

#define MAX_LENGTH  256

class   CFileDisp
{
public:
	// constructor
	CFileDisp();
	
	// member functions
	void SetFilename(char  newFilename[]);
	/*  Purpose: Copy the user's filename into the file object */
	void OpenFile();
	/* Purpose: Open's the file which is specified by the user */
	bool IsValid();
	/* Purpose: Checks if the file exists. 
	   Post: Returns false if file cannot be found */
	int DisplayFileContents();
	/* Purpose: Display's the file contents to stdout
	   Post: Returns the total number of lines contained in the file */
	void CloseFile();
	/* Purpose: Closes the file */
	
	// destructor
	~CFileDisp();

private:
    bool            m_bIsValid;
    char            m_filename[MAX_LENGTH];
    ifstream        m_inFile;
};
#endif   // CFILE_DISP_HEADER // http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						// ============================================================================
// File: CFileDisp.h
// ============================================================================
// This is the header file which declares the objects which are used to open 
// a text file and display its contents to stdout.
// ============================================================================
#ifndef CFILE_DISP_HEADER
#define CFILE_DISP_HEADER
 
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
 
#define MAX_LENGTH  256
 
class   CFileDisp
{
public:
	// constructor
	CFileDisp();
	
	// member functions
	void SetFilename(char  newFilename[]);
	/*  Purpose: Copy the user's filename into the file object */
	void OpenFile();
	/* Purpose: Open's the file which is specified by the user */
	bool IsValid();
	/* Purpose: Checks if the file exists. 
	   Post: Returns false if file cannot be found */
	int DisplayFileContents();
	/* Purpose: Display's the file contents to stdout
	   Post: Returns the total number of lines contained in the file */
	void CloseFile();
	/* Purpose: Closes the file */
	
	// destructor
	~CFileDisp();
 
private:
    bool            m_bIsValid;
    char            m_filename[MAX_LENGTH];
    ifstream        m_inFile;
};
#endif   // CFILE_DISP_HEADER // http://programmingnotes.org/

======== FILE #3 – CFileDisp.cpp ========

This is the function implementation file for the CFileDisp.h class. This file can be named anything you wish as long as you #include “CFileDisp.h”





		
		
			File #3 - CFileDisp.cpp
			
C++
			
			// ============================================================================
// File: CFileDisp.cpp
// ============================================================================
// This file implements the functions which are declared in the CFileDisp
// class, which is located in CFileDisp.h
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include "CFileDisp.h"
using namespace std;

CFileDisp::CFileDisp()
{
	m_bIsValid = 0;
}// end of CFileDisp

void CFileDisp::SetFilename(char  newFilename[])
{
    strcpy(m_filename,newFilename);
}// end of SetFilename

void CFileDisp::OpenFile()
{
	m_inFile.open(m_filename);
}// end of OpenFile

bool CFileDisp::IsValid()
{
	if (m_inFile.fail())
	{
		cout << m_filename << " was not found...nn";
		return false;
	}
	else 
	{
		return true;
	}
}// end of IsValid

int CFileDisp::DisplayFileContents()
{
	int total=0;
	string inLine;
	
	cout << endl;
	
	while(getline(m_inFile, inLine))
	{
		cout << inLine << endl;
		++total;
	}	
	return total;
}// end of DisplayFileContents

void CFileDisp::CloseFile()
{
	m_inFile.close();
}//	end of CloseFile

// this is the destructor
CFileDisp::~CFileDisp()
{
	m_bIsValid = 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						// ============================================================================
// File: CFileDisp.cpp
// ============================================================================
// This file implements the functions which are declared in the CFileDisp
// class, which is located in CFileDisp.h
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include "CFileDisp.h"
using namespace std;
 
CFileDisp::CFileDisp()
{
	m_bIsValid = 0;
}// end of CFileDisp
 
void CFileDisp::SetFilename(char  newFilename[])
{
    strcpy(m_filename,newFilename);
}// end of SetFilename
 
void CFileDisp::OpenFile()
{
	m_inFile.open(m_filename);
}// end of OpenFile
 
bool CFileDisp::IsValid()
{
	if (m_inFile.fail())
	{
		cout << m_filename << " was not found...nn";
		return false;
	}
	else 
	{
		return true;
	}
}// end of IsValid
 
int CFileDisp::DisplayFileContents()
{
	int total=0;
	string inLine;
	
	cout << endl;
	
	while(getline(m_inFile, inLine))
	{
		cout << inLine << endl;
		++total;
	}	
	return total;
}// end of DisplayFileContents
 
void CFileDisp::CloseFile()
{
	m_inFile.close();
}//	end of CloseFile
 
// this is the destructor
CFileDisp::~CFileDisp()
{
	m_bIsValid = 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output





		
		
			Enter a filename: input_file_display_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt

346     130     982     90      656     117   595
415     948     126     4       558     571   87
42      360     412     721     463     47    119
441     190     985     214     509     2     571
77      81      681     651     995     93    74
310     9       995     561     92      14    288
466     664     892     8       766     34    639
151     64      98      813     67      834   369

                This is a line of text!

        *** Total lines displayed: 10
			
				
					
				
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						Enter a filename: input_file_display_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt
 
346     130     982     90      656     117   595
415     948     126     4       558     571   87
42      360     412     721     463     47    119
441     190     985     214     509     2     571
77      81      681     651     995     93    74
310     9       995     561     92      14    288
466     664     892     8       766     34    639
151     64      98      813     67      834   369
 
                This is a line of text!
 
        *** Total lines displayed: 10

C++ || Snippet – How To Read & Write Data From A File

February 12, 2012 admin No comments

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS SNIPPET

Fstream Ifstream Ofstream Working With Files

NOTE: The data file that is used in this example can be downloaded here.

Documents > Visual Studio > Projects > [Your project name] > [Your project name]





		
		
			Input/Output Manipulation
			
C++
			
			// ============================================================================
//    Author: Kenneth Perkins
//    Date:   Feb 12, 2012
//    Taken From: http://programmingnotes.org/
//    File:  FileInput.cpp
//    Description: Demonstrates how to read data from a file
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib> // used for the 'exit' command
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{ 
	// declare variables
	ifstream infile;
	ofstream outfile;
	double a=0,b=0,c=0;
	double root1=0, root2=0;

	// this opens the input file
	// YOUR INPUT FILE NAME GOES BELOW
	infile.open("INPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");

	// check to see if the file even exists, & if not then EXIT
	if(infile.fail()) 
	{
		cout<<"\nError, the input file could not be found!\n";
		exit(1); // exits the program
	}

	// this opens the output file
	// if the file doesnt already exist, it will be created
	outfile.open("OUTPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");

	// this loop reads in data until there is no more 
	// data contained in the file
	while(infile.good())
	{
		// this assigns the incoming data to the
		// variables 'a', 'b' and 'c'
		// NOTE: it is just like a cin >> statement
		infile >> a >> b >> c;

		// NOTE: if you want to read in data into an array
		// your declaration would be like this
		// ------------------------------------ 
		// infile >> a[counter] >> b[counter] >> c[counter];
		// ++counter;
	}

	// this does the quadratic formula calculations
	root1 = ((-b) + sqrt(pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);
	root2 = ((-b) - sqrt(pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);

	// this displays the numbers to screen via cout
	cout <<"For the numbers\na = "<<a<<"\nb = "<<b<<"\nc = "<<c<<endl;
	cout <<"\nroot 1 = "<<root1<<"\nroot 2 = "<<root2<<endl;
	
	// this saves the data to the output file
	// NOTE: its almost exactly the same as the cout statement
	outfile <<"For the numbers\na = "<<a<<"\nb = "<<b<<"\nc = "<<c<<endl;
	outfile <<"\nroot 1 = "<<root1<<"\nroot 2 = "<<root2<<endl;

	// close the input/output files once you are done using them
	infile.close();
	outfile.close();

	// stops the program from automatically closing
	cin.get();

	return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						// ============================================================================
//    Author: Kenneth Perkins
//    Date:   Feb 12, 2012
//    Taken From: http://programmingnotes.org/
//    File:  FileInput.cpp
//    Description: Demonstrates how to read data from a file
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib> // used for the 'exit' command
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
 
int main ()
{ 
	// declare variables
	ifstream infile;
	ofstream outfile;
	double a=0,b=0,c=0;
	double root1=0, root2=0;
 
	// this opens the input file
	// YOUR INPUT FILE NAME GOES BELOW
	infile.open("INPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
 
	// check to see if the file even exists, & if not then EXIT
	if(infile.fail()) 
	{
		cout<<"\nError, the input file could not be found!\n";
		exit(1); // exits the program
	}
 
	// this opens the output file
	// if the file doesnt already exist, it will be created
	outfile.open("OUTPUT_Quadratic_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
 
	// this loop reads in data until there is no more 
	// data contained in the file
	while(infile.good())
	{
		// this assigns the incoming data to the
		// variables 'a', 'b' and 'c'
		// NOTE: it is just like a cin >> statement
		infile >> a >> b >> c;
 
		// NOTE: if you want to read in data into an array
		// your declaration would be like this
		// ------------------------------------ 
		// infile >> a[counter] >> b[counter] >> c[counter];
		// ++counter;
	}
 
	// this does the quadratic formula calculations
	root1 = ((-b) + sqrt(pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);
	root2 = ((-b) - sqrt(pow(b,2) - (4*a*c)))/(2*a);
 
	// this displays the numbers to screen via cout
	cout <<"For the numbers\na = "<<a<<"\nb = "<<b<<"\nc = "<<c<<endl;
	cout <<"\nroot 1 = "<<root1<<"\nroot 2 = "<<root2<<endl;
	
	// this saves the data to the output file
	// NOTE: its almost exactly the same as the cout statement
	outfile <<"For the numbers\na = "<<a<<"\nb = "<<b<<"\nc = "<<c<<endl;
	outfile <<"\nroot 1 = "<<root1<<"\nroot 2 = "<<root2<<endl;
 
	// close the input/output files once you are done using them
	infile.close();
	outfile.close();
 
	// stops the program from automatically closing
	cin.get();
 
	return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output

For the numbers a = 2 b = 4 c = -16
root 1 = 2 root 2 = -4

C++ || Input/Output – Using An Array, Sort Names From a Text File & Save The Sorted Names To A New Text File

February 01, 2012 admin No comments

Since we previously discussed how to sort numbers which is contained in an integer array, it is only fitting that we display a program which sorts characters that are stored in a character array.

This is an interactive program which first displays a menu to the user, allowing them to choose from 6 different modes of operation. The 6 options are described as followed:

R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit

From the available choices, the user has the option of reading in names from a file, manually entering in names themselves, displaying the current names in the array, sorting the current names in the array, clearing the current names in the array, and finally quitting the program. When the user chooses to quit the program, whatever data which is currently stored within the array will automatically be saved to the output text file.

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS PROGRAM

Fstream Ifstream Ofstream Character Arrays 2D Arrays Working With Files Pass By Reference While Loops For Loops Bubble Sort Functions Switch Statements Boolean Expressions Toupper Strcpy Strcmp

The data file that is used in this example can be downloaded here.

Note: In order to read in the data .txt file, you need to save the .txt file in the same directory (or folder) as your .cpp file is saved in. If you are using Visual C++, this directory will be located in

Documents > Visual Studio 2010 > Projects > [Your project name] > [Your project name]

NOTE: On some compilers, you may have to add #include < cstdlib> and #include < cstring> in order for the code to compile.





		
		
			Sorting Names Contained In A Char Array
			
C++
			
			#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

// const variable indicating how many names the array can hold
const int TOTALNAMES = 100;

// function prototypes
void DisplayMenu();
int ReadInData(char names[][50], ifstream &infile);
void GetUserData(char names[][50], int numberOfNames);
void ClearArray(char names[][50], int numberOfNames);
void SortArray(char names[][50], int numNames);
void DisplayArray(char names[][50], int numNames);
void SaveArrayToFile(char names[][50], int numberOfNames, ofstream &outfile);

int main()
{
	// declare variables
	ifstream infile;
	ofstream outfile;
     char names[TOTALNAMES][50];
	char userResponse = 'Q';
     int numberOfNames = 0;

	// display menu to user
	DisplayMenu();
	cin >> userResponse;

	// keep looping thru the menu until the user
	// selects Q (Quit)
	while(toupper(userResponse)!='Q')
	{
		// switch statement indicating the available choices
		// the user has to make
		switch(toupper(userResponse))
		{
		case 'R': 
			numberOfNames = ReadInData(names, infile);
			break;
		case 'E': 
			cout << "nPlease enter the number of names you want to sort: ";
			cin >> numberOfNames;
			GetUserData(names,numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'D': 
			DisplayArray(names, numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'C': 
			ClearArray(names,numberOfNames);
			numberOfNames=0;
			break;
		case 'S': 
			SortArray(names, numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'Q':
			break;
		default: cout << "nThe selected option is not apart of the list!nPlease try again..";
			break;
		}
		// creates a line seperator after each task is executed
		cout<<endl;
		cout.fill('-');
          cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; 

		// re-display's the menu to the user
		DisplayMenu();
		cin >> userResponse;
	}

	// after the user is finished manipulating the 
	// data, save the names to the output file
	SaveArrayToFile(names, numberOfNames, outfile);

    return 0;
}// end of main

// ============================================================================

// displays options to user
void DisplayMenu()
{
	cout<<"   Welcome to the name sorting program...";
	cout<<"nFrom the following menu, select an option";
	cout<<"nR - Read in names from a file for sorting";
	cout<<"nE - Enter in names manually for sorting";
	cout<<"nD - Display the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nS - Sort the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nC - Clear the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nQ - Quitn";
     cout<<"n>> ";
}// end of DisplayMenu

// ============================================================================

// reads in data from a file
int ReadInData(char names[][50], ifstream &infile)
{
	int numberOfNames=0;
	
	// open input file
	infile.open("INPUT_UNSORTED_NAMES_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");

	if(infile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"Input file could not be found!n"
			<<"Please place the input file in the correct directory..";
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nReading in data from the file...";
		while(infile.good())
		{
			infile >> names[numberOfNames];
			++numberOfNames;
		}
		cout << "nSuccess!";
	}
	infile.close(); // close the infile once we are done using it
	return numberOfNames;
}// end of ReadInData

// ============================================================================

// gets data from user (names) for direct input
void GetUserData(char names[][50], int numberOfNames)
{
    cout << "nPlease enter "<<numberOfNames<<" names" << endl;

	for(int index=0; index < numberOfNames; ++index)
	{
		cout<<"nName #"<<index+1<<": ";
		cin >> names[index];
    }
}// end of GetUserData

// ============================================================================

// clears the data contained in the array
void ClearArray(char names[][50], int numNames)
{
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout<<"nDeleting the data contained in the array...";
		for(int index=0; index < numNames; ++index)
		{
			strcpy(names[index],"");
		}
		cout << "nClearing Complete!";
	}
}// end of ClearArray

// ============================================================================

// sorts the array via 'bubble sort'
void SortArray(char names[][50],int numNames)
{
	bool sorted = false;
	char temp[50];
	
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nSorting the names contained in the array...";
		// this is the 'bubble sort' and will execute only
		// if there is more than 1 name contained within the array
		// If there is only one name contained in the array, 
		// there is no need to sort anything
		while((sorted == false) && (numNames > 1))
		{
			sorted = true;
			for (int index=0; index < numNames-1; ++index)
			{
				if (strcmp(names[index], names[index+1]) > 0)
				{
					strcpy(temp,names[index]);
					strcpy(names[index], names[index+1]);
					strcpy(names[index+1], temp);
					sorted = false;
				}
			}
		}
		cout << "nSuccess!";
	}
}// end of SortArray

// ============================================================================

// saves the current data which is in the arrya to the output file
void SaveArrayToFile(char names[][50], int numberOfNames, ofstream &outfile)
{
	// open output file
	outfile.open("OUTPUT_SORTED_NAMES_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");

	if(outfile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"Error creating output file!";
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		if(numberOfNames==0)
		{
			cout<<"nThe array contained no names.nThere was no data to save to the output file...n";
			outfile<<"The array contained no names.nThere was no data to save to the output file...n";
		}
		else
		{
			cout<<"nSaving the current contents of the array to the ouptut file..";
			outfile<<"Sorted items which were contained within the array..n";
			for(int index=0; index < numberOfNames; ++index)
			{
				outfile <<"Name #"<<index+1<<": "
					<< names[index]<<endl;
			}
			cout << "nSuccess!n";
		}
	}
	outfile.close();
}// end of SaveArrayToFile

// ============================================================================

// displays the current contents of the array to the user
// via cout
void DisplayArray(char names[][50], int numNames)
{
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nThe values in the array are:n";
		for (int index=0; index < numNames; ++index)
		{
			cout << names[index] << endl;
		}
		cout<<"nThere is currently "<<numNames<<" names in the array!n";
	}
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
 
// const variable indicating how many names the array can hold
const int TOTALNAMES = 100;
 
// function prototypes
void DisplayMenu();
int ReadInData(char names[][50], ifstream &infile);
void GetUserData(char names[][50], int numberOfNames);
void ClearArray(char names[][50], int numberOfNames);
void SortArray(char names[][50], int numNames);
void DisplayArray(char names[][50], int numNames);
void SaveArrayToFile(char names[][50], int numberOfNames, ofstream &outfile);
 
int main()
{
	// declare variables
	ifstream infile;
	ofstream outfile;
     char names[TOTALNAMES][50];
	char userResponse = 'Q';
     int numberOfNames = 0;
 
	// display menu to user
	DisplayMenu();
	cin >> userResponse;
 
	// keep looping thru the menu until the user
	// selects Q (Quit)
	while(toupper(userResponse)!='Q')
	{
		// switch statement indicating the available choices
		// the user has to make
		switch(toupper(userResponse))
		{
		case 'R': 
			numberOfNames = ReadInData(names, infile);
			break;
		case 'E': 
			cout << "nPlease enter the number of names you want to sort: ";
			cin >> numberOfNames;
			GetUserData(names,numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'D': 
			DisplayArray(names, numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'C': 
			ClearArray(names,numberOfNames);
			numberOfNames=0;
			break;
		case 'S': 
			SortArray(names, numberOfNames);
			break;
		case 'Q':
			break;
		default: cout << "nThe selected option is not apart of the list!nPlease try again..";
			break;
		}
		// creates a line seperator after each task is executed
		cout<<endl;
		cout.fill('-');
          cout<<left<<setw(30)<<""<<right<<setw(30)<<""<<endl; 
 
		// re-display's the menu to the user
		DisplayMenu();
		cin >> userResponse;
	}
 
	// after the user is finished manipulating the 
	// data, save the names to the output file
	SaveArrayToFile(names, numberOfNames, outfile);
 
    return 0;
}// end of main
 
// ============================================================================
 
// displays options to user
void DisplayMenu()
{
	cout<<"   Welcome to the name sorting program...";
	cout<<"nFrom the following menu, select an option";
	cout<<"nR - Read in names from a file for sorting";
	cout<<"nE - Enter in names manually for sorting";
	cout<<"nD - Display the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nS - Sort the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nC - Clear the current names in the array";
	cout<<"nQ - Quitn";
     cout<<"n>> ";
}// end of DisplayMenu
 
// ============================================================================
 
// reads in data from a file
int ReadInData(char names[][50], ifstream &infile)
{
	int numberOfNames=0;
	
	// open input file
	infile.open("INPUT_UNSORTED_NAMES_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
 
	if(infile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"Input file could not be found!n"
			<<"Please place the input file in the correct directory..";
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nReading in data from the file...";
		while(infile.good())
		{
			infile >> names[numberOfNames];
			++numberOfNames;
		}
		cout << "nSuccess!";
	}
	infile.close(); // close the infile once we are done using it
	return numberOfNames;
}// end of ReadInData
 
// ============================================================================
 
// gets data from user (names) for direct input
void GetUserData(char names[][50], int numberOfNames)
{
    cout << "nPlease enter "<<numberOfNames<<" names" << endl;
 
	for(int index=0; index < numberOfNames; ++index)
	{
		cout<<"nName #"<<index+1<<": ";
		cin >> names[index];
    }
}// end of GetUserData
 
// ============================================================================
 
// clears the data contained in the array
void ClearArray(char names[][50], int numNames)
{
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout<<"nDeleting the data contained in the array...";
		for(int index=0; index < numNames; ++index)
		{
			strcpy(names[index],"");
		}
		cout << "nClearing Complete!";
	}
}// end of ClearArray
 
// ============================================================================
 
// sorts the array via 'bubble sort'
void SortArray(char names[][50],int numNames)
{
	bool sorted = false;
	char temp[50];
	
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nSorting the names contained in the array...";
		// this is the 'bubble sort' and will execute only
		// if there is more than 1 name contained within the array
		// If there is only one name contained in the array, 
		// there is no need to sort anything
		while((sorted == false) && (numNames > 1))
		{
			sorted = true;
			for (int index=0; index < numNames-1; ++index)
			{
				if (strcmp(names[index], names[index+1]) > 0)
				{
					strcpy(temp,names[index]);
					strcpy(names[index], names[index+1]);
					strcpy(names[index+1], temp);
					sorted = false;
				}
			}
		}
		cout << "nSuccess!";
	}
}// end of SortArray
 
// ============================================================================
 
// saves the current data which is in the arrya to the output file
void SaveArrayToFile(char names[][50], int numberOfNames, ofstream &outfile)
{
	// open output file
	outfile.open("OUTPUT_SORTED_NAMES_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
 
	if(outfile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"Error creating output file!";
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		if(numberOfNames==0)
		{
			cout<<"nThe array contained no names.nThere was no data to save to the output file...n";
			outfile<<"The array contained no names.nThere was no data to save to the output file...n";
		}
		else
		{
			cout<<"nSaving the current contents of the array to the ouptut file..";
			outfile<<"Sorted items which were contained within the array..n";
			for(int index=0; index < numberOfNames; ++index)
			{
				outfile <<"Name #"<<index+1<<": "
					<< names[index]<<endl;
			}
			cout << "nSuccess!n";
		}
	}
	outfile.close();
}// end of SaveArrayToFile
 
// ============================================================================
 
// displays the current contents of the array to the user
// via cout
void DisplayArray(char names[][50], int numNames)
{
	if(numNames==0)
	{
		cout<<"nThe array is currently empty!n";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nThe values in the array are:n";
		for (int index=0; index < numNames; ++index)
		{
			cout << names[index] << endl;
		}
		cout<<"nThere is currently "<<numNames<<" names in the array!n";
	}
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output
(Remember to include the input file)

Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit
>> d The array is currently empty! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> q The array contained no names. There was no data to save to the output file... ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> e Please enter the number of names you want to sort: 3 Please enter 3 names Name #1: My Name #2: Programming Name #3: Notes ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> d The values in the array are: My Programming Notes There is currently 3 names in the array! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> s Sorting the names contained in the array... Success! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> d The values in the array are: My Notes Programming There is currently 3 names in the array! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> c Deleting the data contained in the array... Clearing Complete! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> r Reading in data from the file... Success! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> d The values in the array are: My Programming Notes C++ Java Assembly Lemon Dark Light Black High Low Cellphone Cat Dog Penguin Japan Peace Love Color White One Brain Eggplant Phalanx Countenance Crayons Ben Dover Eileen Bob Downe Justin Elizebeth Rick Rolled Sam Widge Liza Destruction Grove Aardvark Primal Sushi Victoria Ostrich Zebra Scrumptious Carbohydrate Sulk Ecstatic Acrobat Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis English Kenneth Jessica Pills Pencil Dragon Mint Chocolate Temperature Cheese Rondo Silicon Scabbiest Palpitate Invariable Henpecked Titmouse Canoodle Boobies Pressure Density Cards Twiat Tony Pink Green Yellow Duck Dodge Movie Zoo Xiomara Eggs Marshmallows Umbrella Apple Panda Brush Handle Door Knob Mask Knife Speaker Wood Orient Love There is currently 100 names in the array! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> s Sorting the names contained in the array... Success! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> d The values in the array are: Aardvark Acrobat Apple Assembly Ben Black Bob Boobies Brain Brush C++ Canoodle Carbohydrate Cards Cat Cellphone Cheese Chocolate Color Countenance Crayons Dark Density Destruction Dodge Dog Door Dover Downe Dragon Duck Ecstatic Eggplant Eggs Eileen Elizebeth English Green Grove Handle Henpecked High Invariable Japan Java Jessica Justin Kenneth Knife Knob Lemon Light Liza Love Love Low Marshmallows Mask Mint Movie My Notes One Orient Ostrich Palpitate Panda Peace Pencil Penguin Phalanx Pills Pink Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis Pressure Primal Programming Rick Rolled Rondo Sam Scabbiest Scrumptious Silicon Speaker Sulk Sushi Temperature Titmouse Tony Twiat Umbrella Victoria White Widge Wood Xiomara Yellow Zebra Zoo There is currently 100 names in the array! ------------------------------------------------------------ Welcome to the name sorting program... From the following menu, select an option R - Read in names from a file for sorting E - Enter in names manually for sorting D - Display the current names in the array S - Sort the current names in the array C - Clear the current names in the array Q - Quit >> q
Saving the current contents of the array to the ouptut file.. Success!

C++ || Input/Output – Find The Average of The Numbers Contained In a Text File Using an Array/Bubble Sort

January 31, 2012 admin No comments

This program highlights more practice using text files and arrays. This program is very similar to one which was previously discussed on this site, but unlike that program, this implementation omits the highest/lowest values which are found within the array via a sort.

The previously discussed program works almost as well as the current implementation, but where it fails is when the data which is being entered into the program contains multiple values of the same type. For example, using the previously discussed method to obtain the average by omitting the highest/lowest entries found within an array, if the array contained the numbers:

1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 1

The previous implementation would mark 1 as being the lowest number (which is correct) and it would mark 3 as being the highest number (which is also correct). The area where it fails is when it omits the highest and lowest scores found within the array. The program will skip over ALL of the numbers contained within the array which equal to 1 and 3, thus resulting in the program obtaining the wrong answer.

To illustrate, before the previous program computes its adjusted average scores, it will not only omit just 1 and 3 from the array, but it will also omit all of the 1’s and 3’s from the list, resulting in our array looking like this:

2, 2, 2

When you are finding the average of a list of numbers by omitting the highest/lowest scores, you don’t want to omit ALL of the values which may equal said numbers, but merely just the highest (last element in the array) and lowest (first element in the array) scores.

So if the previous implementation has subtle issues, why is it on this site? The previous program illustrates very well the process of finding the highest/lowest integers found within an array. It also works flawlessly for data in which there is non repeating values found within a list (i.e 1,2,3,4,5,23,6). So if you know you are reading in from a file in which there are non repeating values, the previous implementation works well. Often times though, developers do not know what type of data the incoming files will contain, so this current implementation is a better way to go, especially if it is not known exactly how many numbers are contained within a file.

REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE FOR THIS PROGRAM

Fstream Ifstream Ofstream Working With Files While Loops For Loops Bubble Sort Basic Math - Finding The Average

The data file that is used in this example can be downloaded here.

Documents > Visual Studio 2010 > Projects > [Your project name] > [Your project name]

NOTE: On some compilers, you may have to add #include < cstdlib> in order for the code to compile.





		
		
			Omit The Highest/Lowest Numbers In Array via Bubble Sort
			
C++
			
			#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

// function prototype
float FindOmittedAverage(int numbers[], int counter);

int main()
{
	// declare variables
	ifstream infile;
	ofstream outfile;
	float average=0;
	float sum =0;
	int highestNumber = -999999;
	int lowestNumber = 99999999;
	int numbers[100];

	// open the input file in which you will read data from
	infile.open("INPUT_Numbers_ programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
	if(infile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"nInput file not found!n";
		exit(1); // there was an error, program exits
	}

	// open the output file in  which the compiled data will be saved to
	outfile.open("OUTPUT_Averages_ programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
	if(outfile.fail())
	{
		cout <<"There was an error creating the output file, press enter to terminate program.";
		exit(1); // there was an error, program exits
	} 

	// display data to screen via cout
	cout <<"The numbers countained in the input file are: ";

	// saves data to the outfile. Notice the declaration to
	// save data to the outfile is the same as the ^ above cout
	// statment
	outfile <<"The numbers countained in the input file are: ";

	// incoming data from the file will be stored in an int array
	// so this counter will increment the array index every time the
	// program finds a new value inside the file to store inside the array
	int counter =0;

	// this while loop will read in data from the file until it reaches the end of the file
	// (i.e until there are no more number found within the file)
	// this process also stored the numbers inside the "numbers" array
	while(infile >> numbers[counter])
	{
		// 'sum' variable adds the incoming numbers together
		// computing the sum
		sum += numbers[counter];

		// finds the highest number contained within the incoming file
		if( numbers[counter] > highestNumber)
		{
			highestNumber = numbers[counter];
		}

		// finds the lowest number contained within the incoming file
		if (numbers[counter] < lowestNumber)
		{
			lowestNumber = numbers[counter];
		}

		// displays the currently found number from the file to stdout
		cout << numbers[counter] << ", ";

		// saves the currently found number from the file to the output file
		outfile << numbers[counter]<< ", ";
		++counter;
	}
	// always close your file after your done using them
	infile.close();

	// display the highest found number to stdout
	cout<< "nnThe highest and lowest numbers contained in the file are: nHighest: "
		<< highestNumber<<"nLowest: "<<lowestNumber<<endl;

	// saves the highest found number to the output file
	outfile<< "nnThe highest and lowest numbers contained in the file are: nHighest: "
		<< highestNumber<<"nLowest: "<<lowestNumber<<endl;

	// using the sum found from the above while loop, we compute the average
	average = sum/(counter);

	// display/save the average of the numbers which were contained in the 
	// file to stdout and the output file
	cout<<"nThe average of the "<<counter<<" numbers contained in the file is: "<<average<<endl;
	outfile<<"nThe average of the "<<counter<<" numbers contained in the file is: "<<average<<endl;

	// function declaration which finds the omitted average of the found numbers
	// from the file
	average = FindOmittedAverage(numbers,counter);

	// display/save the omitted average of the numbers which were contained in the 
	// file to stdout and the output file
	cout<<"nThe average of the "<<counter<<" numbers contained in the file omitting the highest and lowest scores is: "<<average<<endl;
	outfile<<"nThe average of the "<<counter<<" numbers contained in the file omitting the highest and lowest scores is: "<<average<<endl;

	// closes the outfile once we are done using it
	outfile.close();

	return 0;
}

// function takes in the 'numbers' array, and 'counter' variable from
// the main function as parameters, and computes the average, omitting 
// the highest and lowest numbers found within the array
float FindOmittedAverage(int numbers[], int counter)
{
	float sum = 0;
	float avg = 0;

	// this is a 'bubble sort' which will sort the numbers
	// contained within the array, from lowest to the highest 
	// i.e (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8)
	for(int iteration = 1; iteration < counter; iteration++)
	{
		for(int index = 0; index < counter - iteration; index++)
		{
		// if the previous value in the array is bigger than the next, then swap them
			if(numbers[index]> numbers[index+1]) 
			{
				int temp = numbers[index];
				numbers[index] = numbers[index+1];
				numbers[index+1]= temp;
			}
		}
	}// end of sort

	// after the sorting is complete, set the highest 
	// and lowest elements in the array to zero
	numbers[0]=0;
	numbers[counter-1]=0;

	// find the sum of the newly sorted array
	// with the highest and lowest entries being deleted (set to zero)
	for(int i = 0; i < counter; i++)
	{
		sum += numbers[i];
	}

	// compute the average
	avg = sum / (counter-2);

	// return the average back to main
	return avg;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
 
// function prototype
float FindOmittedAverage(int numbers[], int counter);
 
int main()
{
	// declare variables
	ifstream infile;
	ofstream outfile;
	float average=0;
	float sum =0;
	int highestNumber = -999999;
	int lowestNumber = 99999999;
	int numbers[100];
 
	// open the input file in which you will read data from
	infile.open("INPUT_Numbers_ programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
	if(infile.fail())
	{
		cout<<"nInput file not found!n";
		exit(1); // there was an error, program exits
	}
 
	// open the output file in  which the compiled data will be saved to
	outfile.open("OUTPUT_Averages_ programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
	if(outfile.fail())
	{
		cout <<"There was an error creating the output file, press enter to terminate program.";
		exit(1); // there was an error, program exits
	} 
 
	// display data to screen via cout
	cout <<"The numbers countained in the input file are: ";
 
	// saves data to the outfile. Notice the declaration to
	// save data to the outfile is the same as the ^ above cout
	// statment
	outfile <<"The numbers countained in the input file are: ";
 
	// incoming data from the file will be stored in an int array
	// so this counter will increment the array index every time the
	// program finds a new value inside the file to store inside the array
	int counter =0;
 
	// this while loop will read in data from the file until it reaches the end of the file
	// (i.e until there are no more number found within the file)
	// this process also stored the numbers inside the "numbers" array
	while(infile >> numbers[counter])
	{
		// 'sum' variable adds the incoming numbers together
		// computing the sum
		sum += numbers[counter];
 
		// finds the highest number contained within the incoming file
		if( numbers[counter] > highestNumber)
		{
			highestNumber = numbers[counter];
		}
 
		// finds the lowest number contained within the incoming file
		if (numbers[counter] < lowestNumber)
		{
			lowestNumber = numbers[counter];
		}
 
		// displays the currently found number from the file to stdout
		cout << numbers[counter] << ", ";
 
		// saves the currently found number from the file to the output file
		outfile << numbers[counter]<< ", ";
		++counter;
	}
	// always close your file after your done using them
	infile.close();
 
	// display the highest found number to stdout
	cout<< "nnThe highest and lowest numbers contained in the file are: nHighest: "
		<< highestNumber<<"nLowest: "<<lowestNumber<<endl;
 
	// saves the highest found number to the output file
	outfile<< "nnThe highest and lowest numbers contained in the file are: nHighest: "
		<< highestNumber<<"nLowest: "<<lowestNumber<<endl;
 
	// using the sum found from the above while loop, we compute the average
	average = sum/(counter);
 
	// display/save the average of the numbers which were contained in the 
	// file to stdout and the output file
	cout<<"nThe average of the "<<counter<<" numbers contained in the file is: "<<average<<endl;
	outfile<<"nThe average of the "<<counter<<" numbers contained in the file is: "<<average<<endl;
 
	// function declaration which finds the omitted average of the found numbers
	// from the file
	average = FindOmittedAverage(numbers,counter);
 
	// display/save the omitted average of the numbers which were contained in the 
	// file to stdout and the output file
	cout<<"nThe average of the "<<counter<<" numbers contained in the file omitting the highest and lowest scores is: "<<average<<endl;
	outfile<<"nThe average of the "<<counter<<" numbers contained in the file omitting the highest and lowest scores is: "<<average<<endl;
 
	// closes the outfile once we are done using it
	outfile.close();
 
	return 0;
}
 
// function takes in the 'numbers' array, and 'counter' variable from
// the main function as parameters, and computes the average, omitting 
// the highest and lowest numbers found within the array
float FindOmittedAverage(int numbers[], int counter)
{
	float sum = 0;
	float avg = 0;
 
	// this is a 'bubble sort' which will sort the numbers
	// contained within the array, from lowest to the highest 
	// i.e (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8)
	for(int iteration = 1; iteration < counter; iteration++)
	{
		for(int index = 0; index < counter - iteration; index++)
		{
		// if the previous value in the array is bigger than the next, then swap them
			if(numbers[index]> numbers[index+1]) 
			{
				int temp = numbers[index];
				numbers[index] = numbers[index+1];
				numbers[index+1]= temp;
			}
		}
	}// end of sort
 
	// after the sorting is complete, set the highest 
	// and lowest elements in the array to zero
	numbers[0]=0;
	numbers[counter-1]=0;
 
	// find the sum of the newly sorted array
	// with the highest and lowest entries being deleted (set to zero)
	for(int i = 0; i < counter; i++)
	{
		sum += numbers[i];
	}
 
	// compute the average
	avg = sum / (counter-2);
 
	// return the average back to main
	return avg;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

The code is heavily commented, so no further insight is necessary. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below.

Once compiled, you should get this as your output
(Remember to include the input file)

The numbers countained in the input file are: 12, 45, 23, 46, 11, -5, 23, 33, 50, 17, 13, 25, 15, 50, The highest and lowest numbers contained in the file are: Highest: 50 Lowest: -5
The average of the 14 numbers contained in the file is: 25.5714 The average of the 14 numbers contained in the file omitting the highest and lowest scores is: 26.0833

C++ || Input/Output Text File Manipulation – Find Highest, Lowest, Average & Total Sum

January 06, 2012 admin No comments

This is a program which will utilize fstream, specifically ifstream and ofstream, to read in data from one .txt file, and it will then output selected data into an entirely new separate .txt file.

The input data file has 8 different rows, with each row containing 7 numbers on each line. The program will take in each line one at a time, manipulating the 7 numbers to receive the desired output. This program will find the highest/lowest number in each selected line, along with the total sum of all the numbers contained in that line, and the average of all the numbers. So at the end of the program, There will be 8 different sets of data compiled for each row, with the output file looking like this:

SAMPLE RUN:
- Input File - 3 5 7 3 4 5 6
- Output File - The dataset for input line #1 is: 3 5 7 3 4 5 6 The highest number is: 7 The lowest number is: 3 The total of the numbers is: 33 The average of the numbers is: 4.71

The data file that is used in this example can be downloaded here

Documents > Visual Studio > Projects > [Your project name] > [Your project name]

NOTE: On some compilers, you may have to add #include < cstdlib> in order for the code to compile.





		
		
			Text File Manipulation
			
C++
			
			// ============================================================================
//    Author: Kenneth Perkins
//    Date:   Jan 6, 2012
//    Taken From: http://programmingnotes.org/
//    File:  fileInput.cpp
//    Description: Demonstrates how to read and write data to a file
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{   // declare variables
    ifstream infile;
    ofstream outfile;
    int inputNumber = 0;
    int highestNum = -999999;
    int lowestNum = 999999;
    double sum = 0;
    double average = 0;
    int currentLineNum = 1;     
     
    // This opens the input file
    infile.open("INPUT_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
    if(infile.fail()) //there was an error on open, file not found
    {
        cout << "Cannot find input file, press enter to terminate program." << endl;
        exit (1); // there was an error, program exits
    }

    // This opens the output file
    outfile.open("OUTPUT_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt", ios::app);
    if(outfile.fail())
    {
        cout <<"There was an error opening the output file, press enter to terminate program.";
        exit(1); // there was an error, program exits
    }

    do {
        cout << "The dataset for input line #" << currentLineNum << " is: ";
        outfile << "The dataset for input line #" << currentLineNum << " is: ";

        // loops thru file until we get to the last number 
        // from the selected line 
        // (theres 7 numbers total in each line, see input file for clarification)
        for(int counter = 1; counter <= 7; counter++)
        {   
            infile >> inputNumber;

            sum += inputNumber;  // calculates the total sum of #'s for each line

            // checks to see which number is highest/lowest from 
            // each selected line
            if(inputNumber > highestNum)
            {
                highestNum = inputNumber;
            }

            if(inputNumber < lowestNum)
            {
                lowestNum = inputNumber;
            }

            // displays current number to output screen
            // and saves to file
            cout << inputNumber << "\t";
            outfile << inputNumber << "\t";
        }// end for loop

        average = sum / 7; // finds the total avg for each line

        // this displays data to the output screen
        cout << endl;
        cout << "The highest number is: " << highestNum << endl;
        cout << "The lowest number is: " << lowestNum << endl;
        cout << "The total of the numbers is: " << sum << endl;
        cout << "The average of the numbers is: " << average << endl;

        // outfile section here, saves data to file
        outfile << endl;
        outfile << "The highest number is: " << highestNum << endl;
        outfile << "The lowest number is: " << lowestNum << endl;
        outfile << "The total of the numbers is: " << sum << endl;
        outfile << "The average of the numbers is: " << average << endl << endl;
        // outfile section end

        // resets variables back to default values
        highestNum = -999999;
        lowestNum = 999999;
        sum = 0;
        average = 0;
        currentLineNum++;

        // places data on new line
        cout << endl << endl;    

    } while(!infile.eof()); // loop stops once it reaches the end of file
    
    cout << endl << endl <<"\tWe have reached the end of the file!"<< endl;
    outfile << endl << endl <<"\tWe have reached the end of the file!"<< endl << endl;
    outfile.close();  // closes outfile
    infile.close();        // closes infile

    return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/
			
				
					
				
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						// ============================================================================
//    Author: Kenneth Perkins
//    Date:   Jan 6, 2012
//    Taken From: http://programmingnotes.org/
//    File:  fileInput.cpp
//    Description: Demonstrates how to read and write data to a file
// ============================================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
 
int main ()
{   // declare variables
    ifstream infile;
    ofstream outfile;
    int inputNumber = 0;
    int highestNum = -999999;
    int lowestNum = 999999;
    double sum = 0;
    double average = 0;
    int currentLineNum = 1;     
     
    // This opens the input file
    infile.open("INPUT_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt");
    if(infile.fail()) //there was an error on open, file not found
    {
        cout << "Cannot find input file, press enter to terminate program." << endl;
        exit (1); // there was an error, program exits
    }
 
    // This opens the output file
    outfile.open("OUTPUT_programmingnotes_freeweq_com.txt", ios::app);
    if(outfile.fail())
    {
        cout <<"There was an error opening the output file, press enter to terminate program.";
        exit(1); // there was an error, program exits
    }
 
    do {
        cout << "The dataset for input line #" << currentLineNum << " is: ";
        outfile << "The dataset for input line #" << currentLineNum << " is: ";
 
        // loops thru file until we get to the last number 
        // from the selected line 
        // (theres 7 numbers total in each line, see input file for clarification)
        for(int counter = 1; counter <= 7; counter++)
        {   
            infile >> inputNumber;
 
            sum += inputNumber;  // calculates the total sum of #'s for each line
 
            // checks to see which number is highest/lowest from 
            // each selected line
            if(inputNumber > highestNum)
            {
                highestNum = inputNumber;
            }
 
            if(inputNumber < lowestNum)
            {
                lowestNum = inputNumber;
            }
 
            // displays current number to output screen
            // and saves to file
            cout << inputNumber << "\t";
            outfile << inputNumber << "\t";
        }// end for loop
 
        average = sum / 7; // finds the total avg for each line
 
        // this displays data to the output screen
        cout << endl;
        cout << "The highest number is: " << highestNum << endl;
        cout << "The lowest number is: " << lowestNum << endl;
        cout << "The total of the numbers is: " << sum << endl;
        cout << "The average of the numbers is: " << average << endl;
 
        // outfile section here, saves data to file
        outfile << endl;
        outfile << "The highest number is: " << highestNum << endl;
        outfile << "The lowest number is: " << lowestNum << endl;
        outfile << "The total of the numbers is: " << sum << endl;
        outfile << "The average of the numbers is: " << average << endl << endl;
        // outfile section end
 
        // resets variables back to default values
        highestNum = -999999;
        lowestNum = 999999;
        sum = 0;
        average = 0;
        currentLineNum++;
 
        // places data on new line
        cout << endl << endl;    
 
    } while(!infile.eof()); // loop stops once it reaches the end of file
    
    cout << endl << endl <<"\tWe have reached the end of the file!"<< endl;
    outfile << endl << endl <<"\tWe have reached the end of the file!"<< endl << endl;
    outfile.close();  // closes outfile
    infile.close();        // closes infile
 
    return 0;
}// http://programmingnotes.org/

QUICK NOTES:
The highlighted lines are sections of interest to look out for.

LOOPS
This program utilizes one do/while loop on lines 39-97 which loops thru the input file until it reaches the end of the file. This program also uses a for loop, which is noted on line 46.

CALCULATING THE SUM
Line 50 contains the assignment operator “+=“, which will calculate a running total for all the values of each selected line.

READING IN DATA FROM FILE
This is noted in line 48, and works just like a cin statement.

OPENING FILES
File declarations, and the opening of files are highlighted on lines: 14-15, 24-25, 32-33. On line 32, the term “ios::app” means the file will append new data to the text file, instead of overwriting the old data contained within that file.

OUTPUT DATA TO FILE
This is highlighted on lines 80-84, and as you can see, the output statements are exactly the same as cout statements.

CLOSE FILES
Remember to close the files you open, as highlighted on lines 101 and 102.

Once compiling the above code, you should receive this as your output (for the 8 selected lines contained within the input text file)

The dataset for input line #1 is: 346 130 982 90 656 117 595 The highest number is: 982 The lowest number is: 90 The total of the numbers is: 2916 The average of the numbers is: 416.571
The dataset for input line #2 is: 415 948 126 4 558 571 87 The highest number is: 948 The lowest number is: 4 The total of the numbers is: 2709 The average of the numbers is: 387 The dataset for input line #3 is: 42 360 412 721 463 47 119 The highest number is: 721 The lowest number is: 42 The total of the numbers is: 2164 The average of the numbers is: 309.143 The dataset for input line #4 is: 441 190 985 214 509 2 571 The highest number is: 985 The lowest number is: 2 The total of the numbers is: 2912 The average of the numbers is: 416 The dataset for input line #5 is: 77 81 681 651 995 93 74 The highest number is: 995 The lowest number is: 74 The total of the numbers is: 2652 The average of the numbers is: 378.857 The dataset for input line #6 is: 310 9 995 561 92 14 288 The highest number is: 995 The lowest number is: 9 The total of the numbers is: 2269 The average of the numbers is: 324.143 The dataset for input line #7 is: 466 664 892 8 766 34 639 The highest number is: 892 The lowest number is: 8 The total of the numbers is: 3469 The average of the numbers is: 495.571 The dataset for input line #8 is: 151 64 98 813 67 834 369 The highest number is: 834 The lowest number is: 64 The total of the numbers is: 2396 The average of the numbers is: 342.286
We have reached the end of the file!

Tag Archives: text file

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C++ || Input/Output Text File Manipulation – Find Highest, Lowest, Average & Total Sum

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